Optical potentials for the antiproton nucleus interactions

The nuclear interactions of atomic and low energy antiprotons are studied. Measurements of level shifts and widths in the lightest elements are analyz ed and compared with new results obtained in heavy nuclei. Simple geometric properties of (p) over bar nucleus interactions are demonstrated. Upon thi s background one finds some anomalies that indicate strong energy dependenc e in the subthreshold (p) over bar nucleon interactions. The use of of (p) over bar in studies of the nuclear surface is briefly discussed.