Td. Pointon et al., Particle-in-cell simulations of electron flow in the post-hole convolute of the Z accelerator, PHYS PLASMA, 8(10), 2001, pp. 4534-4544
The three-dimensional, particle-in-cell code QUICKSILVER [J. P. Quintenz ,
Lasers Part. Beams 12, 283 (1994)] is now being used to simulate the inner
region of the Z accelerator [R. B. Spielman , Phys. Plasmas 5, 2105 (1998)]
at Sandia National Laboratories. The simulations model electron flow and a
node losses in the double post-hole convolute, which couples four radial, m
agnetically insulated transmission lines (MITLs) in parallel to a single MI
TL that drives a Z-pinch load. To efficiently handle the large range in the
magnetic field, 0 <B < 200 T, the particle pusher is modified to subcycle
the electron advance relative to the field solver. Results from a series of
simulations using a constant-impedance load are presented. The locations o
f electron losses to the anode in the convolute are in qualitative agreemen
t with damage to the Z hardware. The electron energy deposited in these ano
de regions rapidly heats the surface to temperatures above 400 degreesC-the
threshold at which anode plasma formation is expected. (C) 2001 American I
nstitute of Physics.