A simple model for the distribution and fate of organic chemicals in a landfill: MOCLA

A simple mathematical model (MOCLA: Model for Organic Chemicals in Landfill s) is presented, describing the distribution of organic chemicals between l eachate, gas and solid waste. The model also predicts the fate of the chemi cals in terms of emissions with leachate and landfill gas and in terms of d egradation and transformation in the landfill. Local equilibrium is assumed for the distribution of the chemicals in the landfill as expressed by Henr y's Law for the leachate-gas interface, and by the linear partition coeffic ient based on the waste solid organic carbon content for the waste,leachate interface. Degradation of the chemicals is expressed as a first order reac tion. Annual specific leachate and gas generation data in combination with data on landfill area and volume allow for prediction of main emission rout es. Model simulations involving two landfill scenarios for a number of chem icals with different physico-chemical characteristics indicate that volatil isation is a likely route for some chemicals (e.g. vinyl chloride, and some of the freons), while other chemicals (e.g. phenol, lower chlorinated alip hatic compounds) more likely will appear as dissolved in the leachate. Howe ver, many chemicals will be strongly associated with the solid waste (e.g. dichlorobenzene, naphthalene, and higher Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ( PAI Is), and the pool available will be able to supply the landfill gas and leachate with organic trace components for decades unless these are degrad ed in the landfill. The model suggests that, in addition to the physico,che mical characteristics of the organic chemical, the presence of free phases of organic chemicals and the degradability of the chemicals are the main fa ctors controlling the fate and emissions of organic chemicals in the landfi ll environment.