Bedtime H-2 blockers improve nocturnal gastric acid control in GERD patients on proton pump inhibitors

Aim: Proton pump inhibitors taken twice daily before meals (proton pump inh ibitor b.d. AC) effectively controls daytime gastric pH; however, nocturnal gastric acid breakthrough (NAB) occurs in more than 75% of patients. Addin g an H-2-blocker at bedtime decreases NAB in normal subjects. The efficacy of this regimen has not been evaluated in GERD patients. The aim of this st udy was to assess the effects of proton pump inhibitor b.d., both with and without bedtime H-2-blocker on intragastric pH and the occurrence of NAB in GERD patients. Methods: Prolonged ambulatory pH studies in GERD patients were reviewed. Gr oup A: 60 patients (mean age 53 years, male 30) taking either omeprazole 20 mg or lansoprazole 30 mg b.d. Group B: 45 patients (mean age 49 years, mal e 23) on proton pump inhibitor b.d. (omeprazole 20 mg or lansoprazole 30 mg ) plus an H-2-blocker at bedtime (ranitidine 300 mg, famotidine 40 mg or ni zatidine 300 mg). Eleven patients were evaluated during treatment with both regimens (group C). The percentage time of nocturnal and daytime intragast ric pH > 4 and per cent of patients with gastric NAB were analysed. In the patients with NAB, its duration and associated oesophageal acid exposure al so were analysed. Results: Median percentage time intragastric pH > 4 overnight was 51% in gr oup A, compared to 96% in group B (P < 0.0001). Median percentage daytime p H > 4 was 73% in group A and 79.8% in group B (P = 0.14). Median percentage time intragastric pH > 4 overnight increased from 54.6% without H(2)RA to 96.5% after adding bedtime H(2)RA (P = 0.0013) in group C patients, NAB occ urred in 82% patients in group A and 40% in group B (P < 0.0001). The mean duration of oesophageal acid exposure during NAB was significantly shorter in group B (18 <plus/minus> 6 min) than in group A (42 +/- 9 min, P = 0.04) . Summary: Adding a bedtime H-2-blocker to the treatment enhanced nocturnal gastric pH control and decreased NAB compared to the proton pump inhibitor b.d. regimen. A bedtime H-2-blocker also decreased oesophageal acid exposu re during NAB. Conclusion: Adding a bedtime H-2-blocker to a proton pump inhibitor b.d. re gimen should be considered in patients who require continued nocturnal gast ric acid control whilst taking proton pump inhibitor b.d.