The Knoop hardness of the highly incompressible cubic phase of ruthenium di
oxide was found to be 19-20 GPa from indentation tests. This value scales w
ell with the shear modulus approximated by the elastic constant C-44 of 144
GPa obtained from Brillouin scattering measurements. This work provides ev
idence that the shear modulus is a better indicator of hardness than the bu
lk modulus for ionic and covalent materials. (C) 2001 American Institute of
Physics.