Hypoxia and oxidative stress in breast cancer - Oxidative stress: its effects on the growth, metastatic potential and response to therapy of breast cancer

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage DNA, but the role of ROS in breast car cinoma may not be limited to the mutagenic activity that drives carcinoma i nitiation and progression. Carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo are frequen tly under persistent oxidative stress. In the present review, we outline po tential causes of oxygen radical generation within carcinoma cells and expl ore the possible impact of oxidative stress on the clinical outcome of brea st carcinoma.