F. Kjeldsen et al., Quantitative analysis of aroma compounds in carrot (Daucus carota L.) cultivars by capillary gas chromatography using large-volume injection technique, J AGR FOOD, 49(9), 2001, pp. 4342-4348
Dynamic headspace sampling was used to collect aroma compounds from raw sam
ples of four carrot (Daucus carota L.) cultivars (Brasilia, Duke, Fancy, an
d Cortez). The collected volatiles were analyzed by capillary GC-FID and GC
-MS using large-volume cool on-column injection (LVI-COC). Of the 36 compou
nds identified, 6 had not been previously detected in carrots. Significant
differences between the carrot cultivars were found for 31 of the identifie
d volatiles as well as for total monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and total vo
latile content. Mono- and sesquiterpenes accounted for about 98% of the tot
al volatile mass in all cultivars. LVI-COC injection was used to determine
the loss of carrot volatiles during concentration of headspace samples unde
r a stream of nitrogen. The loss among major monoterpenes in the concentrat
ed samples varied from 16% for p-cymene to > 40% for alpha -pinene as compa
red to nonconcentrated samples. The loss among high-boiling sesquiterpenes
varied from not detectable ( beta -caryophyllene, alpha -humulene, and cary
ophyllene oxide) to approximately 7% for (E)- and (Z)-gamma -bisabolene.