Human cytomegalovirus immediate-early messenger RNA in blood of pregnant women with primary infection and of congenitally infected newborns

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) immediate-early messenger RNA (IEmRNA) in sequ ential blood samples from 32 pregnant women with primary infection and from 14 congenitally infected newborns was qualitatively investigated by nuclei c acid sequence-based amplification. IEmRNA was detected in 100%, 75%, 36.3 %, 22.2%, and 0% of samples collected 1, 2, 3, 4- 6, and >6 months after on set of primary HCMV infection, respectively, showing 83.7% sensitivity and 92.2% specificity, compared with results of quantitative DNAemia (detection of viral DNA in blood). In infected newborns, IEmRNA was positive in 100% of samples collected 1-7 days (median, 1.5 days) and in 46.4% of samples co llected 27-260 days (median, 88 days) after birth, showing 75.7% sensitivit y and 100% specificity, compared with DNAemia results. IEmRNA was not detec ted in HCMV-immune individuals with remote or recurrent HCMV infection or i n uninfected newborns. IEmRNA determination appears to be a valuable tool f or early diagnosis of both primary and congenital HCMV infection.