5 METHODS OF ASSESSING SCHOOL-LEVEL DAILY USE OF CIGARETTES AND ALCOHOL BY ADOLESCENTS AT CONTINUATION HIGH-SCHOOLS

We explored five methods of estimating school-level daily use of cigar ettes and alcohol by adolescents at 20 continuation high schools in so uthern California. We used Campbell and Fiske's criteria to estimate c onvergent and discriminant validity of a correlation matrix consisting of two ''traits'' (daily use of cigarettes or alcohol) and five ''met hods'' (aggregated student self-report, school personnel prevalence es timate, student prevalence estimate, naturalistic observation of use, and school refuse evidence). Results showed that the different methods varied dramatically in convergent and discriminant validity. These fi ndings, as well as assessment cost considerations, lead us to suggest that refuse analysis is the most economic proxy measure for estimating school-level daily student cigarette smoking and other drug use. Repl ication studies are needed.