A new species of Monophyllanthe, M. araracuarensis S. Suarez. Galeano & H.
Kennedy (Marantaceae) from Amazonian Colombia and adjacent Brazil, is descr
ibed and illustrated. This is the second species described in the genus, wh
ich was previously known only from French Guiana and Suriname. The new spec
ies is characterized by its sparsely branched inflorescence, with 3 to 7 br
acts per branch, borne on a separate, leafless shoot directly from the rhiz
ome.