Nuclear halos are spatially extended quantum states with large cluster comp
onents. Characteristic observable properties of two- and three-body halo st
ructures are discussed in general terms suited for generalization of the co
ncept. Specific properties of known nuclear halos are used as examples. The
bound-state structure is basically understood in contrast to the three-bod
y continuum structure. The high-energy reaction mechanism is roughly unders
tood but not accurately worked out and tested in details. Open questions an
d challenges are indicated. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reser
ved.