Design ontology in context - a situated cognition approach to conceptual modelling

If we take a situated view of cognition, human thought and action are inext ricably connected and affected by the context. It is not just the external environment that will aff;ect the context but that thinking itself modifies further action and context occurs at a conceptual level that exists within a social setting. Thus, a situated view of knowledge necessitates knowledg e acquisition techniques which handle change. This is particularly true of design knowledge where the design will change as more experience is gained and the changing model will itself change the perception of a design while designing. The approach described in this paper is based on the view that k nowledge is always evolving and the premise that it is not easy to capture or evaluate a conceptual model. The alternative offered is based on the com bined use of cases, ripple-down rules (RDR), formal concept analysis (FCA) and the Activity/Space (A/S) ontology. Cases are design episodes and used t o motivate the capture of rules in a simple user-driven manner. Cases groun d the KBS in the real world and provide the context in which the knowledge applies. Rules are the indexes by which the cases are retrieved. Using FCA, we are able to build an abstraction hierarchy of the rules and cases. To f acilitate comparison and validation we use A/S design ontology to acquire a consistently organised set of cases. This ontology provides a common struc ture and shared set of descriptive terms. The ease with which the knowledge is acquired and maintained using RDR, the use of a dynamic design ontology and the automatic generation of conceptual models using FCA allows for the continual evolution of the KBS in keeping with the notion that knowledge i s continually evolving and 'made-up' to fit the situation. (C) 2001 Elsevie r Science Ltd. All rights reserved.