Epoxy paints with different contents of calcium-exchanged silica were formu
lated maintaining the ratio PVC/CPVC constant. Steel painted samples were s
ubmitted to immersion tests monitored by open circuit potential and electro
chemical impedance. The behaviour of calcium-exchanged silica was compared
with chromate and red iron oxide. The electrochemical measurements were com
plemented by water vapour permeability, Auger electron spectroscopy and the
rmally stimulated currents. The results suggested a film forming mechanism
for calcium exchanged silica paintings. In total immersion conditions, they
had better performance than the iron oxide, closely approaching the chroma
te. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.