The proposed threshold-voltage (Vth) model for circuit simulation includes
reverse-short-channel effect (RSCE) and short-channel effect (SCE) based on
their respective physical origins. Linear vertical-impurity profile approx
imation for simplified RSCE-modeling already enables 8 mV average V-th-accu
racy (max < 45 mV) under all bias conditions for source, drain, and bulk fo
r L-gate down to 0.15 mum. The complete V-th-model needs only ten constant
L-gate-independent parameters.