This paper was written by Raymond Vernon for the conference, "Mapping the M
ultinationals, " organized by Bruce Mazlish and Alfred Chandler in October
1999. Professor Vernon died on August 26, 1999, at the age of 85, before th
e paper was finished and presented. It was the last paper he wrote. We are
pleased to be able to publish it posthumously in this symposium, with the p
ermission of his daughter Heidi Vernon. The paper was subject to minimal co
pyediting by the editor of JIBS.