Crucial structure elements of possible nitride vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

In the present paper, problems connected with designing possible nitride ve rtical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) for their efficient room-tem perature (RT) operation are discussed and analyzed. Crucial elements of the VCSEL geometry, i.e. active regions, spacers, DBR mirrors, current and hea t-flux paths, substrates as well as contacts, are examined in detail taking into account the latest achievements of the currently available technology . An impact of various structure configurations on threshold properties of the possible RT CW nitride VCSELs is discussed and the most recommended str ucture details are chosen. A possibility to manufacture efficient nitride V CSELs in a close future is considered and discussed.