Sh. Krishna et al., Lipae-catalyzed synthesis of isoamyl isobutyrate - optimization using a central composite rotatable design, PROCESS BIO, 37(1), 2001, pp. 9-16
Rhizomucor miehei lipase, Lipozyme IM-20, was used to catalyze the esterifi
cation reaction between isobutyric acid and isoamyl alcohol to synthesize i
soamyl isobutyrate in n-hexane. Response surface methodology (RSM) based on
a five-level, four-variable central composite rotatable design (CCRD) was
employed for optimization with respect to four important reaction variables
enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio, substrate concentration, reaction time, and
temperature. Conversion was efficient in an acid concentration range of 0.5
-2.5 M, even when a very low E/S ratio (5 g/mol) was employed. Although an
increase in temperature resulted in improved reaction rates, overall conver
sions remained practically unchanged, as the yields obtained at lower tempe
ratures (30-40 degreesC) were higher. Reaction time also exhibited a less s
ignificant effect on ester yields at higher E/S ratios. The optimum conditi
ons predicted for achieving maximum ester yield (2.2 M) are: E/S ratio, 19.
6 g/mol; substrate concentration, 2.5 M; reaction time, 18 h and temperatur
e, 26.5 degreesC. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.