Chlamydia trachomatis infection in mothers with preterm delivery and in their newborn infants

We studied Chlamydia trachomatis infection in mothers with preterm delivery and intrauterine transmission of the infection to their offspring. Forty-o ne mothers with preterm labour and their newborn infants (n=50) were studie d for the presence of C. trachomatis infection using microimmunofluorescenc e test for detection of serum antibodies against C. trachomatis and polymer ase chain reaction for detection of C. trachomatis-specific DNA in mucosal swabs. Antibodies to C. trachomatis were found in serum of 12 mothers (29%) . Five of fourteen mothers had C. trachomatis DNA in cervical specimens. Ei ghteen neonates were born to the 14 mothers with positive serology and/or C . trachomatis DNA. C. trachomatis DNA was detected in specimens from 10 of the 18 neonates (55.5%). Three of the available cord blood samples containe d C. trachomatis IgM antibodies. Our results strongly suggest that mothers and their preterm babies may benefit from screening for active C. trachomat is infection.