Thoracic epidural anesthesia without intubation was used in 10 patients und
ergoing off-pump coronary artery reconstruction performed through median st
ernotomy. Considering the preoperative finding of impaired pulmonary functi
on, all were moderate-risk patients for surgery using conventional general
anesthesia with intubation. All patients had an uneventful postoperative co
urse. In indicated cases, we regard thoracic epidural anesthesia as a suita
ble method again modifying the term 'minimally invasive in cardiac surgery.
(C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.