We describe a simple variance component model for estimating the effect of
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) inheritance on quantitative trait variation. The
model is applied to quantitative trait Q5 in the simulated general populati
on data from Genetic Analysis Workshop (GAW) 12. Although the mitochondrial
effect on Q5 is small (5,3%) and the power of the method to detect the eff
ect is correspondingly low, analysis over the available population replicat
es demonstrates that the effect of maternal relatedness can be detected and
estimated accurately. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.