Tuberculosis and HIV: a deadly interaction

The spread of the HIV epidemic has been one of the major factors contributi ng to the worldwide resurgence of the tuberculosis epidemic. It was estimat ed that in 1997 8% of global tuberculosis cases may be attributed to HIV in fection. The highest burden of HIV-associated tuberculosis is concentrated in resource-poor countries. HIV infection increases the individual's suscep tibility to tuberculosis by impairing immune response to mycobacterial infe ction. In addition, HIV-associated tuberculosis is more difficult both to d iagnose and to treat. A strong international commitment to the development of innovative strategies of diagnosis, treatment, and the prevention and in tegration between tuberculosis and HIV prevention programs are urgently nee ded to face the threat of HIV-associated tuberculosis.