Transplantation of new autologous biomaterials into jaw cleft

This study compared bone-marrow grafting using chondroid or fibula bone gra fts transplanted into simulated alveolar bone defects in mice. The osteogen ic procedure was also investigated. As an experimental model of the maxilla ry alveolar bone cleft, suitable for testing bone-inductive materials, a su rgical trephine with a low-speed dental engine was used to form critical-si zed defects in the pre-maxillary bones of male mice. Distraction osteogenes is was performed using an external fixation device. The osteotomy site was surrounded by an external callus, consisting of hyaline cartilage, that con tained a large quantity of chondroid bone. Transplanted bone within chondro id bone was characterized by bone formation and remodelling 30 days post-tr ansplantation, and bone adhesion following chondroid bone grafting was bett er than adhesion following fibula grafting. The present findings are the fi rst to demonstrate the potential of chondroid bone transplantation as a new therapeutic system of bone grafting, suitable for bone substitution in cra niofacial bone defects.