Sp. Poulos et al., Pre- and postnatal dietary conjugated linoleic acid alters adipose development, body weight gain and body composition in Sprague-Dawley rats, J NUTR, 131(10), 2001, pp. 2722-2731
Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a control diet (7 g/100 g soybean oil)
or a conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) diet (6.5 g/100 g soybean oil and 0.5 g
/100 g CLA) beginning on d 7 of gestation to determine whether pre- and pos
tnatal CLA affects short- and long-term growth and adiposity. At weaning (d
21), progeny were assigned control or CLA diet and fed until 11 wk of age.
At birth, litter size and weight were not different between treatments. Th
ere were age- and sex-dependent changes in inguinal adipose fatty acid comp
osition at birth and weaning, whereas there were no differences in lipid ac
cretion or adipocyte proliferation. At weaning, CLA did not alter inguinal
adipocyte proliferation but increased (P < 0.01) CCAAT/enhancer binding pro
tein alpha expression in inguinal adipose tissue from females, whereas ther
e was no difference in expression in males. Significant differences in size
distribution of inguinal adipocytes at weaning and retroperitoneal adipocy
tes at 11 wk of age were observed. In general, CLA increased the proportion
of smaller cells and decreased the proportion of larger cells. The main lo
ng-term effect of the dams' diet was the significantly heavier gastrocnemiu
s and soleus muscles, and significantly longer tail lengths, an indication
of skeletal growth, of male pups whose dams were fed CLA. Postweaning diet
reduced fat pad weights in female but not male pups fed CLA. This response
was due to differences in cell size rather than number. Response to CLA tre
atment may depend on the sex and age of the animal as well as duration of f
eeding.