Mj. Walker et al., Torquoselectivity induced by lone-pair conjugation in the electrocyclic reactions of 1-azapolyenes, J ORG CHEM, 66(20), 2001, pp. 6669-6672
Torquoselectivity in the electrocyclic interconversions of 1-azapolyenes. a
nd their heterocyclic isomers was investigated theoretically. The ring open
ings of 1,2-dihydroazete, 1,2-dihydropyridine, and 1,2-dihydroazocine were
examined using HF, MP2, and B3LYP calculations. A large preference for inwa
rd rotation of the nitrogen lone pair and outward rotation of the N-H group
was found for the four- and six-electron. systems. No strong preference wa
s observed for the eight-electron system.