The grading of hallux valgus - The Manchester scale

This article describes a new, noninvasive method of assessing the severity of hallux valgus deformity by means of a set of standardized photographs. S ix podiatrists were independently asked to grade the level of deformity of 13 subjects (26 feet) on a scale of 1 (no deformity) to 4 (severe deformity ). The reliability of the four-point scale for the severity of hallux valgu s was investigated by means of kappa-type statistics for more than two rate rs. The results showed that the grading method had excellent interobserver repeatability with a combined kappa-type statistic of 0.86, making it a sui table instrument for clinical and research purposes.