Dengue virus type 3 was isolated for the first time in the country as an in
digenous case from a 40 year-old woman presenting signs and symptoms of a c
lassical dengue fever in the municipality of Nova Iguacu, State of Rio de J
aneiro. This serotype has been associated with dengue haemorrhagic epidemic
s and the information could be used to implement appropriate prevention and
control measures. Virological surveillance was essential in order to detec
ted this new serotype.