The evolution of nuclear receptors: Evidence from the coral Acropora

We have amplified and sequenced PCR products derived from 10 nuclear recept or (NR) genes from the anthozoan cnidarian Acropora millepora, including fi ve products corresponding to genes not previously reported from the phylum Cnidaria. cDNAs corresponding to seven of these products were sequenced and at least three encode full-length proteins, increasing the number of compl ete cnidarian NR coding sequences from one to four. All clear orthologs of Acropora NRs either lack an activation domain or lack a known ligand, consi stent with the idea that the ancestral nuclear receptor was without a ligan d. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that most, and possibly all, presently id entified cnidarian NRs are members of NR subfamily 2, suggesting that the c ommon ancestor of all known nuclear receptors most resembled members of thi s subfamily. (C) 2001 Academic Press.