Adult-onset hydrocephalus

Adult-onset hydrocephalus can be acquired from other pathologies, congenita l with a late onset, or idiopathic. Subarachnoid hemorrhage, normal-pressur e hydrocephalus, tumors, and aqueductal stenosis are the most frequent caus es, and clinical presentation may be acute or chronic. The pathophysiology of the more chronic form involves hypoxia and blood vessel changes. The tre atment of adult hydrocephalus is dependent on its setting and may involve v entroposterior or ventroanterior shunting or endoscopic procedures.