The AAPM/RSNA physics tutorial for residents - General overview of fluoroscopic imaging

Fluoroscopy is used to visualize the motion of internal fluids, structures, and devices. During a fluoroscopic examination, the operator controls acti vation of the x-ray tube for real-time imaging of the patient. The article provides a general overview of fluoroscopic imaging from its initial develo pment to modem use. Early fluoroscopes produced a dim image on a fluorescen t screen that required dark adaptation of the physician's eyes to optimize viewing conditions. Image intensifiers were later developed to replace the fluorescent screen and increase image brightness. Modem fluoroscopy systems include an image intensifier with television image display and a choice of several different types of image recording devices. Fluoroscopic equipment is available in many different configurations for use in a wide variety of clinical applications.