Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Management

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychiat ric disorder of childhood and often persists into adulthood. ADHD is a neur ophysiologic disorder defined in behavioral terms and associated with signi ficant morbidity in the realms of social and academic success, and self-est eem. ADHD is often associated with comorbid psychiatric disorders and learn ing disabilities, which further impede the successful development of these persons. It is essential that family physicians be knowledgeable about the presentation and diagnosis of ADHD. Stimulant medications continue to be th e mainstay of treatment, although many other medications (such as antidepre ssants and alpha blockers) are helpful adjuvants to therapy. Current recomm endations for treatment include an individualized, multimodal approach invo lving parents, teachers, counselors and the school system. Treatment follow -up includes monitoring response to medications in various settings, as wel l as side effects. With time and interest, the family physician can develop the skills needed to treat this disorder.