Fabrication of bulk heterojunction plastic solar cells by screen printing

We demonstrate the use of screen printing in the fabrication of ultrasmooth organic-based solar cells. Organic films on the order of several tens of n anometers in thickness and 2.6 nm surface roughness were made. The first-ge neration screen-printed plastic solar cells demonstrated 4.3% in power conv ersion efficiency when using an aluminum electrode and 488 nm illumination. (C) 2001 American Institute of Physics.