To bridge the gap between background-independent, non-perturbative quantum
gravity and low-energy physics described by perturbative field theory in Mi
nkowski spacetime, Minkowskian Fock states are located, analysed and used i
n the background-independent framework. This approach to the analysis of se
miclassical issues is motivated by the recent results of Varadarajan (Varad
arajan M and Zapata J A 2000 Class. Quantum Grav. 17 4085-109). As in that
work, we use the simpler U(l) example to illustrate our constructions but,
in contrast to that work, we formulate the theory in such a way that it can
be extended to full general relativity.