Ja. Lazaro et al., Modeling, characterization, and experimental/numerical comparison of signal and fluorescence amplification in Ti : Er : LiNbO3 waveguides, IEEE J Q EL, 37(11), 2001, pp. 1460-1468
A complete model for signal and fluorescence amplification in Ti:Er:LiNbO3
waveguides; under 1480 and 980 mn excitation, which includes transitions in
volving high energy levels, is presented. Most of the waveguide parameters
that the model requires have been determined or checked in situ. In order t
o numerically solve the proposed model, the overlapping factors method has
been adapted to these waveguides and improved, obtaining a large computing
time reduction with sufficiently accurate results. Finally, results from si
gnal gain and ASE spectral measurements and numerical simulations have been
compared. The remarkable agreement confirms both the model assumptions and
the used characterization techniques. Moreover, the unusually short comput
ing time which is consumed makes the model suitable for design and optimiza
tion processes.