The 29 Australian species of Clistoabdominalis Skevington are revised and a
phylogenetic analysis is presented. The following 23 new species are propo
sed: Clistoabdominalis ancylus, C. angelikae, C. capillifascis, C. carnatis
tylus, C. collessi, C. colophus, C. condylostylus, C. danielsi, C. dasymelu
s, C. digitatus, C. exallus, C. gaban, C. gremialis, C. lambkinae, C. lingu
latus, C. mathiesoni, C. nutatus, C. octiparvus, C. scalenus, C. scintillat
us, C. tasmanicus, C. tharra, and C. yeatesi. Pipunculus picrodes Perkins i
s proposed as a junior synonym of C. trochanteratus (Becker). Diagnoses and
an illustrated key to species are provided. A summary of host records for
all Australian species of Pipunculidae is presented to clarify confusion in
the literature. Pipunculidae are documented hilltopping for the first time
. This mating strategy is used by many species of Clistoabdominalis and pat
terns of hilltopping within the genus are examined.