For any root system Delta and a set of vectors R which form a single orbit
of the reflection (Weyl) group G(Delta) generated by Delta, a spin Calogero
-Moser model can be defined for each of the potentials: rational, hyperboli
c, trigonometric and elliptic. For each member mu of R, to be called a 'sit
e', we associate a vector space V-mu whose element is called a 'spin'. Its
dynamical variables are the canonical coordinates [q(j), p(j)} of a particl
e in R-r (r = rank of Delta) and spin exchange operators {(P) over cap (rho
)} (rho is an element of Delta) which exchange the spins at the sites mu an
d s(rho)(mu). Here s(rho) is the reflection generated by rho. For each Delt
a and R a spin exchange model can be defined. The Hamiltonian of a spin exc
hange model is a linear combination of the spin exchange operators only. It
is obtained by 'freezing' the canonical variables at the equilibrium point
of the corresponding classical Calogero-Moser model. For Delta = A(r) and
R = set of vector weights it reduces to the well-known Haldane-Shastry mode
l. Universal Lax pair operators for both spin Calogero-Moser models and spi
n exchange models are presented which enable us to construct as many conser
ved quantities as the number of sites for degenerate potentials.