A model hierarchy of macroscopic models for quantum semiconductors is prese
nted. Furthermore, a review on recent results obtained for two classes of t
hese macroscopic models: the quantum hydrodynamic and the quantum drift-dif
fusion equations is given. In particular, the existence of solutions and th
eir qualitative behavior is studied and a numerical scheme for the quantum
drift-diffusion model is derived. Finally, this scheme is applied to the tr
ansient simulation of a resonant tunneling diode.