We consider a large coupling limit of a Born-Infeld action in a curved back
ground of an arbitrary metric and a two form field. Following Gibbons. Hori
, and Yi, we go to the Hamiltonian description. The Hamiltonian can be dual
ized and the dual action admits a stringlike configuration as its solution.
We interpret it as a closed string configuration. The procedure can be vie
wed as a novel way of bringing out the appropriate degrees of freedom, a cl
osed string, for an open string under the strong coupling limit. We argue t
hat this interpretation implies a large number of dual pairs of gauge and g
ravity theories whose particular examples are AdS/CFT and matrix theory con
jectures.