VOLATILE, POTENTIAL ATTRACTANTS FROM RIPE COFFEE FRUIT FOR FEMALE MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT-FLY

Twenty-eight volatile compounds from freshly crushed, ripe, dark red c offee fruit, Coffea arabica, were identified by dynamic headspace anal ysis techniques. Identifications were made on the basis of a compariso n of Kovats indices and GC-MS spectra for unknowns and authentic sampl es. Of the compounds identified, 10 were alcohols, nine were aldehydes , five were ketones, and four were monoterpenes. The five most abundan t volatiles in decreasing order were hexanal (21%), 2-(E)-hexenal (11% ), 3-methyl-1-butanol (9.0%), 3-methyl-1-butanal (8.5%), and 1-hexanol (8.4%). The five least abundant volatiles of the 28 identified, in in creasing order, were decanal (0.19%), methyl hexanoate (0.33%), pulego ne (0.44%), alpha-isomenthone (0.45%), and 2-nonanone (0.55%). In prel iminary tests, many of the identified volatiles attracted more female Mediterranean fruit flies than the control.