Gliomatosis cerebri: intra vitam stereotactic determination in two cases and review of the literature

Gliomatosis cerebri (GC) is an infiltrative neoplastic process that is diff usely distributed through neural structures, whose anatomical configuration remains intact. Most of the cases with GC reported in the literature were diagnosed at autopsy (101/110, 92%). We report two cases of GC in a 42-year -old woman and a 65-year-old man. The diagnosis was confirmed neuropatholog ically after MRI-guided stereoetactic biopsy. External radiation therapy wa s performed and led to a complete recovery of all clinical signs. Follow-up examinations 17 and 21 months after diagnosis showed permanent reversal of all clinical and radiological signs. MRI should be used as a primary imagi ng study in the evaluation of GC and for the determination of the target po ints for stereotactic biopsy. We discuss the aetiology, clinical manifestat ion, difficulties of intra vitam diagnosis, and management of this rare con dition in the light of other 110 (101 postmortem and nine intra vitam) repo rted cases of GC in the literature.