This research examines the emergence of Russian emigre crime in the United
States to determine whether such crime is representative of organized crime
in the classic understanding of that term. The prior development of organi
zed crime theory based upon the criminal progression of Italian-American or
ganized crime families guides the analysis of criminal activity by the Russ
ian emigres in order to maintain some sense of boundary maintenance between
events and issues pertinent to the phenomenon of organized crime. With a m
odel for Russian emigre crime in the United States established, the researc
h examines the underlying characteristics of the emergent Russian criminali
ty with a goal of determining which theoretical model, if any, this social
system of criminality fits best. Case studies of recent motor fuel tax frau
ds perpetrated in the metropolitan New York City and Los Angeles areas serv
e as examples from which Russian emigre crime is examined, studied, and com
pared. An assessment is made as to whether the criminality of the emigre Ru
ssians can be correctly identified as being representative of organized cri
me in the traditional understanding of this phenomenon. The analysis demons
trates that the criminality of the Russian emigre crime groups is character
istic of organized crime as this condition has developed and come to be ide
ntified and defined by American society.