In the present study, depressions of the GMA weld pool due to the impact of
droplets are numerically investigated. The numerical simulation is perform
ed on the basis of the Navier-Stokes equation and the volume of fluid (VOF)
functions. The kinetic energy of the transferring droplets produces a depr
ession on the weld pool surface. The surface active element affects the dep
ression of the weld pool. In GMAW, the droplet transferred to the surface o
f the weld pool is one of the factors to produce the finger shape penetrati
on at high current.