The role of prophylactic cranial irradiation in the treatment of lung cancer

Patients with lung cancer face concurrent risks of their disease by local, regional as well as distant failure. The brain is one of the major sites of distant relapse and the prevention of cerebral metastasis has therefore ga ined rising interest. A recent meta-analysis has confirmed the benefit of p rophylactic cranial irradiation in patients with limited disease small-cell lung cancer in complete remission following induction therapy. In non-smal l-cell lung cancer, aggressive multimodality therapy regimens including sur gery have achieved locoregional control rates of 50% and higher. In these p atient groups the relatively high incidence of brain relapses as a site of first failure causes substantial morbidity and worsens the prognosis. Given the proven efficacy of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) to prevent m etastases to the brain, the introduction of PCI into the treatment of non-s mall cell lung cancer in the curative setting seems promising. (C) 2001 Els evier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.