Myocarditis is a common cardiological disease.
New molecular biological and immunohistological methods have confirmed the
persistence of viral infection and chronic myocardial inflammation in a con
siderable number of patients. A causal link between viral myocarditis and t
he development of dilated cardiomyopathy has been recognized. This has prog
nostic implications and helps for the decision of a specific immunosuppress
ive, immunomodulatory and antiviral therapy.