Targeting RNA with small-molecule drugs: Therapeutic promise and chemical challenges

Researchers' increasing awareness of the essential role played by RNA in ma ny biological processes and in the progression of disease makes the discove ry of new RNA targets an emerging field in drug discovery. Since most exist ing pharmacologically active compounds bind proteins, RNA provides nearly u ntapped opportunities for pharmacological development. The elucidation of t he structure of the ribosome and other cellular and viral RNA motifs create s the opportunity for discovering new drug-like compounds that inhibit RNA function. However, further advances in understanding the chemistry and stru cture of RNA recognition are needed before these promises are fulfilled.