Increasing knowledge regarding the genetic basis of hereditary nephropathie
s has contributed much to the understanding of their pathogenesis. In addit
ion, localization and identification of genes have offered new tools for th
e classification and diagnostics of hereditary nephropathies. The diagnosis
at the DNA level, however, differs from classical diagnostic procedures in
many respects. The current status of DNA diagnostics in hereditary nephrop
athies is summarized in this review, which includes a discussion of the maj
or principles and limitations.