Recent advances in breast cancer biology

Within the past year, the draft sequence of the human genome was completed and made available to researchers worldwide. Recent advances in technology along with the vast amount of sequence data on the human genome now provide a previously unimagined means of defining the genetic architecture of canc er cells. Implicit in this approach is the ability to describe the evolutio n of that architecture as normal breast cells progress toward the malignant phenotype. Ongoing experiments involving the simultaneous analysis of the entire genome in a high-throughput manner are expected to reveal those gene s and regulatory mechanisms that are critical at each step of progression t oward malignancy, including (1) providing a growth advantage over normal ce lls, (2) maintaining the malignant state, (3) modulating response to therap y, and (4) developing metastatic potential. Once these data are available, the ability to design preventive, diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic t ools directed at those targets will be within reach. Curr Opin Oncol 2001, 13:415-419 (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.