Plants can vary substantially among species in morphological and physiologi
cal traits that influence their resistance to herbivores and their quality
for herbivore growth and development. Seeds of the desert trees Cercidium f
loridium and C. microphyllum vary within and among populations in their res
istance to, and suitability for, growth and development of larvae of the se
ed beetle, Stator linibatus. We examined how this variation influences the
magnitude of natural selection on the size of eggs laid by beetles and test
ed whether female beetles can distinguish between seeds of more vs. less su
itable trees (within species).),e found that selection favoring large eggs
differed substantially between tile two tree species (greater on C floridum
) and varied substantially among populations of C. floridum and among trees
(within populations) of both C. floridum and C. microphyllum. In general,
the magnitude of selection favoring large eggs correlated positively with s
eed coat resistance between tree species, among populations within species,
and among trees within populations. Female S. limbatus are capable of dist
inguishing seeds of the two host species and respond to species differences
in selection by laying larger eggs on seeds of C. floridum than on seeds o
f C. microphyllum. However, despite large variation in seed suitability wit
hin populations of trees, females did not preferentially lay eggs on seeds
of less resistant trees, nor did they adjust egg size in response to variat
ion in resistance among trees.