Regulation of PAI-1 expression by genetic polymorphisms - Impact on atherogenesis

Increased expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) is n ow considered as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Num erous biochemical factors have been found to regulate the expression of PAI -1 gene and the synthesis of PAI-1 protein. In the recent past, polymorphis ms in the PAI-1 gene have been identified and their impact on PAI-1 express ion has been characterized. This article will review the current knowledge of these PAI-1 gene polymorphisms (in cell culture, epidemiological, and cl inical studies) and their role in the development of cardiovascular disease . (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.