Lowering of sodium deoxycholate-induced nasal ciliotoxicity with cyclodextrins

AIM: To lower the nasal ciliotoxicity of sodium deoxycholate (SDC) in combi nation with cyclodextrins (CD). METHODS: The erythrocyte hemolysis test was carried out to evaluate the damaging effect of SDC on the erythrocyte memb rane. The in situ toad palate model and scanning electron microscope techni que were used to investigate the nasal ciliotoxicity of SDC solution in com bination with CD. The inclusion effect between SDC and beta -cyclodextrin ( beta -CD) was studied by differential thermal analysis ( DTA) and X-ray di ffractometry. RESLLTS: The hemolysis test showed that beta -CD and dimethyl -beta -cyclodextrin (DM-beta -CD) could effectively protect the erythrocyte membrane against damage by SDC at the molar ratios of 1:1 and 2:1. When SD C combined with beta -CD or DM-P beta -CD at a molar ratio of 1:2 or 1:3, t he ciliotoxicity of SDC was greatly alleviated and the percent lasting time of the ciliary movement increased to 50 % or above. Scanning electron micr oscope investigations showed that SDC combined with beta -CD at a molar rat io 1: 2 had no marked damage on the rat nasal mucosa after nasal administra tion thrice a day for a week. DTA and X-ray diffractometry investigations s howed that SDC formed an inclusion with beta -CD. CONCLUSION: Combining bet a -CD or DM-beta -CD with SDC can greatly lower the hemolytic effect and ci liotoxicity of SDC and the optimal molar ratio of SDC to CD is 1: 2. Such p rotection provided by CD is due to the inclusion effect between SDC and CD.