An approach to the visualization of georeferenced data is presented. T
his approach is rooted in cartography and emphasizes the use of visual
methods in research and decision making. Several definitions proposed
within cartography are considered and the links between ''cartographi
c'' visualization and scientific visualization more generally are disc
ussed. From this base, a perspective on visualization is articulated i
n which attention is directed to the goals for use of maps and related
georeferenced displays. We argue that a use-based approach is needed
in order to develop information processing environments appropriate to
distinct stages of scientific research and decision making. The paper
concludes by proposing a set of research problems that are prompted b
y taking a use-based approach to visualization, and then outlining the
selection and context of the papers in this special issue. (C) 1997 P
ublished by Elsevier Science Ltd.